Landscape with a farm building and ‘House with the Tower’
French title:
Le paysage a la tour
German title:
Die Landschaft mit dem Turm
Dutch title:
Boerderijen en toren tussen bomen
New Hollstein:
256
Etching and drypoint. Ca. 1650.
Size: 123 x 319 mm. Surface: 392 cm2.
Not signed, not dated. Middleton assumes an earlier date (1648), Münz a later one (1652).
Copper Plate
The copperplate was not in any of the major early sales or collections and is considered to be lost.
Rarity of impressions
In auctions (2000-2025): very rare Early: 5 ⦿⦿⦿⦿⦿⊙
In collections (New Hollstein – 2013): common Early: 66 ⦿⦿⦿⊙⊙⊙
Catalogue Nowell-Usticke (1967): RRR-: a very rare large landscape. Much desired ⦿⦿⦿⦿⦿⊙
Subject/Sitter
Various suggestions have been made about the location of the farm. The tower was originally identified as the one in Raarop (Ransdorp?), north of Amsterdam. Lugt believes the setting to be in the vicinity of Kostverloren, near the river Amstel, south of the city. Vosmaer has suggested that the village of Loenen is depicted.
Van Regteren Altena is probably correct by identifying the house as Het Torentje, the house of Jan Uytenboogaert, a goldweigher and tax collector of which Rembrandt made an etched portrait (B 281). Rembrandt made a drawing of this house (Benesch 1267, now in Basel). There were two houses with that name on either side of the Schinkel. This may be the one at the Amstelveenseweg.
Related
Rembrandt made a drawing of the same house (Benesch 1267, now in the Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles).
A similar, maybe even the same house, was portrayed by Philips Koninck and Adriaan van de Velde.
Copies
NH lists three copies in the same direction. Copy B is by Richard Byron (82 x 231 mm, WB 1). Copy C is an anonymous one (121 x 320 mm, WB 3). Copy D is by Leopold Flameng, in the catalogue of Blanc (58 x 151 mm, WB 2).
There is one copy in reverse (A) by John Smith of Chichester (118 x 314 mm, WB 4).
Attributions and reviews
The etching is considered as special by Singer.
States
Most authors list four states, Nowell-Usticke five, all contemporary.
In the 1st state the church tower has a rounded cupola and blotches of ink in the sky at the left.
In the 2nd state (NH, WB, R602) the sky at the left side is partly cleared, leaving a large blank spot.
In the 3rd state (NH, WB, R604) the cupola is burnished out, leaving a flat top of the tower. The sky at left is cleaned. Vertical strokes are added to the room on the left.
In the 4th state (NH, WB, R605) right-to-left diagonals are added in the triangular space to the left of the drawbridge support at left centre.
In the 5th state (NU only) much new work is added in the top of the bushes at left. There are vertical lines in the small inverted triangle in the clouds, just to the left of the highest roof, unshaded before. Strasbourg lily with.
Prints and collections
Of the 1st state at least ten impressions are known, of which four on Chinese and two on Japanese paper. Hinterding concluded that Rembrandt printed these as saleable, despite the faults in the sky that were corrected in the 2nd state.
Of the 2nd state only four impressions are known, all on western paper.
Of the 3rd state eight impressions are known, all on Japanese paper.
Watermarks
In the 1st, 2nd and 3rd state: Foolscap with five-pointed collar with cm LB’ (c. 1650).
In the 2nd state: Foolscap with five-pointed collar.
In the 3rd and 4th state: Foolscap with five-pointed collar (c. 1651-52).
In the 4th state: Arms of Bern; Strasbourg lily with cm WK’ (c. 1652) . Strasbourg lily with LC’ (c. 1651) and Strasbourg lily.
Literature
H 244, BB 50-4, G 215, M 317, Mz 168, RA 602-605, Cl 220, W 220, Bl 324, Du 220, CD 193, S 100. Van Regteren Altena, Oud Holland, 1954 LXIX, p 1; Wandelingen 1998, p. 314-317 Hinterding 2008, p. 416-419;